The basic calculation
Emissions are typically estimated as activity data multiplied by an emission factor: for example, kilowatt-hours consumed times the emissions per kilowatt-hour.
Where factors come from
Factors are published by governments, international bodies and research databases. They differ by country, year and method, so the source and version always matter.
Why this matters for trust
Two companies with identical activity can report different totals if they use different factors. Recording which factor was used is a core part of a transparent inventory.
General educational content, not professional, legal or regulatory advice. — Carbover editorial